![]() When parallel rays of light fall on a smooth surface, they are reflected back as parallel rays only. This is called a lateral inversion.įigure 5 Lateral Inversion Regular and Diffused reflection Regular Reflection When an image is formed in a mirror the, the left side of the object appears at the right side of the image and vice versa. It is a virtual image because it is formed by the apparent intersection of diverging rays. The distance between the image and the mirror and the object and the mirror is always equal. It has the same height as that of the object. Similarly, the other reflected rays are extended backwards and virtual image A’B’ of height ‘h’ of the object AB is formed on the mirror.Ĭharacteristics of the image formed by a plane mirror are the following: The rays PA and OC are diverging rays hence we can extend them behind the mirror to find the point of intersection that is A’. ![]() These incident rays are reflected back from the mirror as PA, OC and OB. When the rays of light from this object fall on the mirror, the image of the object is formed inside the mirror.Ĭonsider the incident rays that fall on the mirror: AP, AO and BO. Here object AB of height ‘h’ is placed at a distance ‘u’ from the mirror. Formation of the image by a plane mirrorįigure 4 Formation of Image by Plane MirrorĬonsider the figure given above. The incident ray, the reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane. ![]() In other words, the angle by which a ray of light is incident on a surface will always be equal to the angle by which it is reflected back from the surface. The angle of incidence and the angle of reflection are always equal to each other. The angle of reflection (θ r) - It is the angle that the reflected ray makes with the normal.įor an incident ray, there is always one reflected ray. The angle of incidence (θ i) - It is the angle that the incident ray makes with the normal. Normal - It is an imaginary line that is drawn perpendicular to the reflecting surface at the point where the incident ray strikes the surface or at the point of incidence. Reflected ray - The ray of the light that gets reflected back from the surface is called reflected ray. Incident ray - The ray of light that falls on the surface is called incident ray. When light strikes a surface and bounces back, it is called reflection. Hence a mirror changes the direction of light that falls upon it.įigure 2 Light falling on a mirror The laws of reflection What is the reflection of light? When light falls on a mirror it is reflected back. Light can be called as a radiation that is emitted, reflected or absorbed by different objects.Ī mirror is a glass having a shiny surface. We know that light is a form of energy which is responsible for the sense of sight in the human eyes. When light falls upon or is emitted by an object our eyes detect that light and hence the object becomes visible to us.įigure 1 Light makes things Visible What happens when light falls on a mirror? However, we cannot see anything without the light, that is, in darkness. We can see the world through our eyes or our sense of sight. Revision Notes on Light What makes things visible? ![]() Concepts of Physics by HC Verma for JEE.IIT JEE Coaching For Foundation Classes.
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